What is the difference between lanthanide series and actinide series

Truong-Son N. Apr 11, Other factors are listed below, like electronegativities and oxidation states. The actinide electronegativities are quite diverse. This is a graph made from data in Tro: The atomic radii of the actinides is bigger simply due to a new quantum level as expected. Lanthanides: Actinides: Lastly, there are more electron configuration exceptions among the actinides, due to that higher 6d participation.

Chemical activity Less tendency towards the complex formation. Except promethium, they are non radioactive. They do not form oxidations oxides and hydroxides are less basic.

Chemical activity Stronger tendency towards the complex formation. All the actinides are radioactive. They form oxocations like oxides and hydroxides are more basic.

Electronic configuration Lanthanum La - 5d 1 6s 2. Lanthanides have been widely used as alloys to impart strength and hardness to metals. The main lanthanide used for this purpose is cerium, mixed with small amounts of lanthanum, neodymium, and praseodymium. These metals are also widely used in the petroleum industry for refining of crude oil into gasoline products. Lanthanides share the following common properties : Silvery-white metals that tarnish when exposed to air, forming their oxides.

Relatively soft metals. Hardness increases somewhat with higher atomic number. A large number of actinides are used for the defense operations, nuclear weapons and for the production of energy. Plutonium is used in nuclear reactors and for nuclear bombs as well. Many of the actinide elements are used in the nuclear power plant and also for the production of electronic power. Write one similarity and one difference between the chemistry of lanthanoid and actinoid elements. Similarity : In lanthanoids and actinoids filling of n-2 f orbitals is involved.

The lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium.

The lanthanide series consists of the 14 elements, with atomic numbers 58 through 71, that follow lanthanum on the periodic table of elements.

The lanthanide series is usually combined with lanthanum, which has an atomic number of 57, under the general heading of lanthanides. Lanthanides and actinides are called inner transition elements because they are a group of elements that are shown as the bottom two rows of the periodic table. Lanthanides and actinides belong to the f-blockelements, which means that they have filled up their f-orbitals with electrons.

The lanthanides include elements 58 to 71 fill out the 4f subshell and the actinides include elements 89 to fill out the 5f subshell. The reason why inner-transition metals are located at the bottom of the periodic table, separated from the rest is because they all fill the f-block. The first actinides to be discovered were Uranium by Klaproth in and Thorium by Berezelius in , but most of the Actinides were man-made products of the 20th century.

Actinium and Protactinium are found in small portions in nature, as decay products of Uranium and Uranium. So, the key difference between lanthanide contraction and actinide contraction is that actinide contraction is greater than lanthanide contraction. Below is an infographic that provides a summary of the difference between lanthanide contraction and actinide contraction.

Basically, lanthanide contraction and actinide contraction are important terms regarding f block elements. These terms refer to the decrease of atomic size with increasing atomic number.

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